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Posterior embryotoxon

It is a Prominent and anteriorly displaced Schwalbe's line It is a congenital defect and is most commonly associated with icthyosis It is seen as a white ring just inside the outer edge of iris and it is a harmless harmless condition and is outside our field of view so no treatment is required

Computer vision syndrome

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a temporary condition resulting from focusing the eyes on a computer display for protracted, uninterrupted periods of time. Some symptoms of CVS include headaches, blurred vision, neck pain, fatigue, eye strain, dry, irritated eyes, and difficulty refocusing the eyes. These symptoms can be further aggravated by improper lighting conditions (ie. bright overhead lighting or glare) or air moving past the eyes.

Cafe coronary

This is a condition in which a healthy but grossly intoxicated person, who begins a meal, suddenly turns blue, coughs violently, then collapses and dies without much fuss. Death appears to due to sudden heart attack. Treatment : A blow on the back or on the sternum may cause coughing and expel the foreign body. if this is not successful, the foreign body must be removed from the hypopharynx with the middle and index fingers or with forceps.

Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease may be rare, but it's now the commonest cause of acquired heart disease in children under 5. It's an acute, self limiting, multiorgan vasculitis of unknown cause. The problem is the vasculitis tends to affect coronary arteries and can cause sudden death if untreated. Immunoglobulins and aspirin reduce cardiac complications significantly.Diagnosis is essentially clinical-fever for five days and at least 4 of the following: * Red eyes (bilateral conjunctivitis, no pus) * Sore red mouth, * red cracked lips, and * classically a "strawberry" tongue with protuberant papillae * Polymorphous maculopapular skin rash * Cervical lymphadenopathy, usually unilateral and >1.5 cm in diameter * Erythema and oedema of the hands and feet (with desquamation of the skin in the later stage of the illness). Source: Heart 2009;95:787-792

Brushfield spots in Down's syndrome

Brushfield spots are small white or grayish/brown spots on the periphery of the iris in the human eye due to aggregation of connective tissue, a normal iris element. These spots are normal in children but are also a feature of the chromosomal disorder Down syndrome. They occur in 35-78% of newborn infants with Down syndrome.They are much more likely to occur in Down syndrome children of the Caucasian race than children of Asian heritage.Brushfield spots are named after the physician, Thomas Brushfield, who first described them in his 1924 M.D. thesis.They are focal areas of stromal hyperplasia, surrounded by relative hypoplasia and are more common in patients with lightly pigmented irises.